Online Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for Cell Degradation Mapping

Injecting multi-frequency AC micro-currents during driving and charging to map electrolyte resistance, charge-transfer resistance, and SEI layer growth in real time.

Lithium Plating Onset Detection

Detecting phase-angle shifts in the high-frequency impedance spectrum that signal microscopic lithium plating on the graphite anode before dendrites form.

Online EIS measurement across 0.1 Hz to 5 kHz frequency ranges.
Instantaneous detection of lithium plating during sub-zero fast charging.
Cell-level State-of-Health (SoH) accuracy within 1.0% error band.
Export of degradation digital twins for second-life battery certification.

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